He also founded Shrewsbury Abbey as a Benedictine monastery in 1083. The importance of the Shrewsbury area in the Roman era was underlined with the discovery in a field near the town of the Shrewsbury Hoard in 2009. As Caer Guricon it is a possible alternative for the Dark Age seat of the Kingdom of Powys. This was once the site of Viroconium, the fourth largest cantonal capital in Roman Britain. Nearby is the village of Wroxeter, 5 miles (8 km) to the south-east. The Angles, under King Offa of Mercia, took possession in 778. The town was the early capital of the Kingdom of Powys, Over the ages, the geographically important town has been the site of many conflicts, particularly between the English and Welsh. It is believed the area of Shrewsbury was settled in the 5th century by refugees from the nearby Roman City of Viroconium Cornoviorum, but the first physical evidence dates from the 7th century Saxons. Roman Īn extensive roadside settlement was uncovered, with evidence for trading of amphorae and mortaria. Ī Bronze Age double ring ditch at has been excavated at Meole Brace. Main article: History of Shrewsbury Prehistory Įvidence of Neolithic occupation dating back before 2,000 BC of a religious form, was discovered in 2017 in the grounds of a church, the medieval Church of the Holy Fathers in Sutton, making it Britain's oldest place of worship. Its later Welsh name Amwythig means "fortified place". This name gradually evolved in three directions, into Sciropscire, which became Shropshire into Sloppesberie, which became Salop / Salopia (an alternative name for both town and county), and into Schrosberie, which eventually became the town's name, Shrewsbury. Shrewsbury was known to the ancient Britons as Pengwern, signifying "the alder hill" and in Old English as Scrobbesburh ( dative Scrobbesbyrig), which may mean either "Scrobb's fort" or "the fortified place in the bushes" (or "shrubs", the modern derivate). The A5 and A49 trunk roads come together as the town's by-pass and five railway lines meet at Shrewsbury railway station. Located 9 miles (14 km) east of the Welsh border, Shrewsbury serves as the commercial centre for Shropshire and mid-Wales, with a retail output of over £299 million per year and light industry and distribution centres, such as Battlefield Enterprise Park, on the outskirts. Shrewsbury Castle, a red sandstone fortification, and Shrewsbury Abbey, were founded in 10 respectively by the Norman Earl of Shrewsbury, Roger de Montgomery. The town centre has a largely unspoilt medieval street plan and over 660 listed buildings, including several examples of timber framing from the 15th and 16th centuries. It has had an important historic role in nurturing aspects of UK culture, including being the nursery of English drama, ballet/ dance and pantomime. The town is the birthplace of Charles Darwin. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 76,782. Shrewsbury ( / ˈ ʃ r oʊ z b ər i/ ( listen) SHROHZ-bər-ee, also / ˈ ʃ r uː z-/ ( listen) SHROOZ-) is a market town, civil parish, and the county town of Shropshire, England, on the River Severn, 150 miles (240 km) north-west of London.
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